Soal Advanced Reading

TUGAS MANDIRI

ADVANCED READING

(PRIS4332)

PETUNJUK: UNTUK SOAL NOMOR   1  SAMPAI  DENGAN 54,  PILIHLAH SATU JAWABAN YANG PALING TEPAT!

Question number 1 - 5 refer to this passage.

      Throughout history, the search for salt has played an important role in society. Where there was no salt near, it was brought from great distances. Thus, salf became one of the most important articles of early trade. Records show that in areas of scarcity, salt was traded ounce for ounce for gold. Rome’s major highway was called Via Salaria that is, the Salt Road. Along that road, Roman soldiers transported salt crystals from the salt flats at Ostia up the Tiber River. In return, they received a slarium of salary, which was literally money paid to soldier to buy salt. The old saying worth their salt. which means to be valuable, derives from the custom of payment during the Empire. The caravan trade of the Sahara was also primarily an exchange of goods for salt. Among ancient people there to eat salad with another person was an act of friendship. Salves were often purchased with salt. Salt was so important in Middle Age that goverment retained salt trade as monopoly, or leveid taxes on its purchase. By then, people’s social rank was demonstrated by where they sat at the table, above or below the salt.

      Even today, in some remote regions of the world, salt is a luxury item. In fact in a few isolated areas of Southeast Asia and Africa, cakes made of salt are still used for money

1.   What does the passage mainly discuss?

A.   The old saying “worth their salt”

B.   The Roman Empire

C.   Salt

D.   Ancient trade

2.   According to the passage, where was the salt located?

A.   Rome

B.   Tiber

C.   Ostia

D.   Salaria

     

3.   Who enjoyed a monopoly on the bale of salt?

A.   Soldier of the Roman Empire

B.   Traders in Sahara

C.   Goverments in the Middle ages

D.   People of high social rank

4.   If a man is “worth his salt” he is ....

A.   soldier

B.   a thirsty person

C.   a valuable employed

D.   a highly paid worker

5.   It is usually ... lava but gas that kills people during volcanic eruptions

A.   not only

B.   not

C.   neither

D.   no

6.   Question number 6 - 10 refer to the following passage.

Although speech is the most advanced form of communication, there are many ways of communicating without using speech. Signals, signs, symbols, and gestures may be found in every known culture. The basic function of signal is to impinge the dashes of a telegraph circuit. Coded to refer to speech, the potential for communication is very great. Less adaptable to the codification of words, signs also contain meaning quickly and conveniently. Symbols are more difficult to describe than either signals or sign because of their intricate relationship with the receiver’s culture perceptions. In come culture, applauding in a theater provides performers with an auditory symbol of approval. Gestures such as waving and handshaking also communicate certain culture messages.

Although signals, signs, symbols, and gestures are very useful, they do have major disadvantages. They usually do not allow ideas to be shared without the sender being directly adjacent to the receiver. As a result, means of communication intended to be used for long distances and extended periods are based upon speech. Radio, television, and the telephone are only a few.

Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.   signs and signals

B.   gestures

C.   communication

D.   speech

7.   What does the author say about speech? It is ....

A.   the only true form of communication

B.   dependent upon the advanced made by inventors

C.   necessary for communication to occur

D.   the most advanced form of communication

8.   Applauding was cited as au example of a ....

A.   signal

B.   sign

C.   symbol

D.   gesture

9.   The word “it” in the second sentence, first paragraph refers to ....

A.   function

B.   signal

C.   environment

D.   way

10.   The word “potential” in the fourth sentence, first paragraph could best be replaced by ....

A.   range

B.   advantage

C.   organization

D.   possibility

Question number 11 - 13 are based on the following passage

                 The influenza virus is a single molecule composed of millions of individual atoms. While bacteria can be considered as a type of plant, secreting poisonous substance into the body of the organism they attack, viruses. Like the influenza virus, are living organism themselves. We may consider them as regular chemical molecules since they have strictly defined atomic structure, on the other hand, we must also consider them as being alive since they are able to multiply in unlimited quantities.

11.   According to this passage, bacteria are ....

A.   poisons

B.   very small

C.   larger than viruses

D.   plants

12.   The writer says that viruses are alive because they ....

A.   gave a complex atomic structure

B.   move very fast

C.   multiply in a huge quantities

D.   need warmth and light

13.   The atomic structure of virus ....

A.   is variable its form

B.   is strictly defined

C.   can not be analyzed chemically

D.   is more complex than that of bacteria

Question number 14 - 15 are based on the following passage

                 It is said that necessity is the mother of invention. This proves to be true. While the fossil fuels are running out, scientists have been hard at work to find ways of getting other kinds of fuels. They have succeeded in finding one which is very efficient: nuclear fuel. One pound of uranium, for example, produces as much energy as three pounds of coals. But, atomic energy ares (tambang) will run out too. It is a good thing that a source of abundant (berlimpah) energy-sunlight-has been waiting for scientists.

14.   Which of the following is true according to the text?....

A.   Coals produce much energy

B.   Sunlight has been used for energy

C.   Coal gives energy as much as Uranium

D.   Uranium gives much energy

15.   Scientists have been trying to find ways of getting other kinds of fuels because ....

A.   they want to get more money

B.   they have nuclear fuel

C.   fossil fuels are not practical

D.   fossil fuel supplies will end up

16.   Arrange the scrambled sentences in a correct order so that they form a paragraph....

1.       For a hundred years or more he has been killed, captured, and imprisoned in zoos

2.       His bones have been mounted in natural history museum every where, and he has always exerted a strong fascination upon scientists and romantics a like

3.       The gorilla is something of paradox in the African scene

4.       The thinks one knows him very well

Answers :

A.   1 - 4 - 2 - 1

B.   1 - 3 - 2 - 4

C.   3 - 1 - 4 - 2

D.   3 - 4 - 1 - 2

17.   Arrange the scrambled sentences in a correct order so that they form a paragraph ....

1.       This boast is not confirmed by my memory of anybody who on Sunday morning has forced me to partake of his adventure

2.       My objection to it is that it stops the brain

3.       Many a man has professed to me that his brain never works so well as when he is swinging along the high road or ever hill and dale

4.       Walking for walking’s take may be as highly laudable and exemplary as thing it is held to be by those who practice it.

Answer:

A.   4 - 2 - 1 - 3

B.   4 - 2 - 3 - 1

C.   4 - 1 - 3 - 2

D.   4 - 3 - 2 - 1

18.   Lifting the Shoulders is a gesture that indicates lack of interest. The underlined words mean ....

A.   napping

B.   shrugging

C.   signing

D.   yawning

19.   Several members of the royal family have been held prisoner in the Tower of London. The underlined word means ....

A.   for protection

B.   by request

C.   captive

D.   briefly

20.   Interfering with someone’s mail is a serious crime in the US The underlined word means ....

A.   Assisting

B.   Tampering

C.   Gambling

D.   Intimidating

21.   A Clever politician will take advantage of every speaking engagement to campaign for the next election “Clever” means ....

A.   rash

B.   intrepid

C.   crude

D.   shrewd
22.           Home buyers are proceeding cautiously because of the high interest rates. The word cautiously means ....

A.   hastily

B.   occasionally

C.   warily

D.   deliberately

23.   What may be considered courteous in one culture may be interpreted as arrogant in another. The word arrogant means ....

A.   clumsy

B.   sleazy

C.   surly

D.   flimsy

24.   Questions number 24 - 28. Choose the statement that is closest in meaning to the original sentences.....

It is not whether you win or lose, but how you play the game that is important

A.   winning is more important than losing when you play the game

B.   winning is less important than playing the game well

C.   If you know how to play the game, you will win it

D.   playing the game well and winning it is important

25.   The National Weather Service issued a tornado warning just minutes before a funnel cloud was sighted in the area ....

A.   After Sighting a funnel cloud, the National Weather Service Issued a tornado warning

B.   After the National Weather Service Issued a tornado warning, a funnel cloud was sighted in the area

C.   When they saw a funnel cloud at the National Weather service, they issued a tornado warning

D.   A tornado warning was issued by the National Weather Service after a funnel cloud was sighted in the area

26.   In spite of the rain, the fourth of July fireworks display was not can called ....

A.   The fourth of July fireworks display was not held because it rained

B.   Rain caused the cancellation of the fourth of July fireworks display

C.   The fourth of July fire works display was held because it did not rain

D.   Although it rained, the fourth July fire works display was held

27.   Taking notes, even incomplete ones, is usually more efficient than relying on one’s memory ....

A.   because notes are usually incomplete, it is more efficient to rely on one’s memory

B.   it is usually more efficient to take incomplete notes than to rely on one’s memory

C.   taking incomplete note is usually less efficient than relying on one’s memory

D.   one’s memory is usually more efficient than incomplete notes

28.   It is unlikely that the result of the elections will be made public before tomorrow morning ....

A.   tomorrow morning is probably the earliest that anyone will know the results of the elections

B.   before tomorrow morning we will probably know the results of the elections

C.   the results of the elections will most likely be made known before tomorrow morning

D.   we will probably not be told the results of the elections tomorrow morning

29.   Questions number 29 - 33, Read the following dear carefully the complete the missing words

“Dumping” causes some problems in international trade. If a big country decides to ...29) less than the usual prices when it is selling, or pay more when it is buying, it ...30) the buying and selling of smaller countries for example, if a country should ... 31) the market by selling ... 32) quantities of cotton at very low prices, ... 33) in other countries would find it hard to sell cotton at the usual prices.

Answer:

A.   bend

B.   charge

C.   chide

D.   draw

30.  

A.   breaks

B.   shakes

C.   treads

D.   upsets

31.

A.   flood

B.   thrust

C.   make

D.   pay

32.  

A.   huge

B.   expanse

C.   heavy

D.   fitter

33.  

A.   breakers

B.   senders

C.   growers

D.   sellers

Questions number 34 -36 refer to the following reading

         According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms on the surface of the sun hurt streams of solar particles into the atmosphere, causing a shift in the weather on earth

34.   The sunspot theory is ....

A.   not considered very important

B.   widely accepted

C.   subject to disagreement

D.   relatively new

35.   Solar particles are hurled into space by ....

A.   undetermined causes

B.   disturbances of wind

C.   small rivers on the surface of the sun

D.   changes in the earth’s atmosphere

36.   The matter from the sun which the earth’s atmosphere is very ....

A.   small

B.   hot

C.   bright

D.   hard

Question 37 - 40 are based on the following passage.

        In 1807 Noah Webster began his greatest work an American Dictionary of the English Language. In preparing the manuscript, he devoted ten years to the study of English and its relationship to other language, and seven more years to the writing itself. Published in two volumes in 1828. An American Dictionary of the English Language has become the recognized authority for usage in the United states. Webster’s purpose in writing it was to demonstrate that the American language was developing distinct meanings, pronunciations, and spellings from those of British English. He is responsible for advancing simplified spelling forms: develop instead of the British form develops; theater and center instead of theater and center; color and honor instead of colour and honour.

37.   An American Dictionary of the English Language published in ....

A.   1817

B.   1807

C.   1828

D.   1824

38.   Which one of the following spelling would Webster have approved in his dictionaries?

        A.   develop

B.   theater

C.   color

D.   honour

39.   How many volumes were an American Dictionary of the English language published?

A.   One volume

B.   Two volumes

C.   Three volumes

D.   Four volumes

     

40.   According to the author, Webster’s purpose in writing An American Dictionary of the English language was to ....

A.   respond to the need for new school books

B.   demonstrate the distinct development of English language in America

C.   promote spelling forms based upon British models

D.   influence the pronunciation of English language

Question number 41 - 44 refer to the following passage.

        The nuclear family, consisting of mother, father, and their children may be more an American ideal than an American reality. Of course, the so-called traditional American family was always more varied than we had been led to believe, reflecting the very different racial, ethnic, class, and religious customs among different American groups.

         The most recent goverment statistics reveal that only about one third of all current American families fit the traditional mold and another third consists of married couples who either have no children or have none still living at home. Of final one third, about 20 percent of the total number of american household are single people, usually women over sixty-five years of age. A small percentage, about 3 percent of the total, consists of unmarried people who choose to live together; and the rest, about 7 percent, are single, usually divorced parents, with at least one child.

41.   The anthor’s intent is ....

A.   there has always been a wide variety of family arrangements in the United State

B.   racial, ethnic, and religious groups have preserved the traditional family structure

C.   the ideal American family is the best structure

D.   fewer married couples are having children

42.   It can be inferred that the topic of the passage is concerned with the ....

A.   traditional American Family

B.   nuclear family

C.   current American Family

D.   ideal family

43.   After reading this passage, the reader know that married couples whose children have grown or who have no children represent ... percent of household

A.  

B.   20

C.   7

D.   3

44.   Who generally constitutes a one-person house hold?....

A.   A single man in his twenties

B.   An elderly man

C.   A single woman in her late sixties

D.   A divorced woman.

Question number 45 - 48 refer to the following instruction.

Adults     .................................  2 tablespoonfuls

Children: according to age:

10 - 14 years ..........................    4 teaspoonfuls

6 - 10 years    ..........................    2 teaspoonfuls

3 - 6 years      ..........................    1 teaspoonfuls

Repeat above dosage every ½ hour to 1 hour

If need until 8 doses are taken.

If relief does not occur within two days, consult a physician.

SHAKE WELL BEFORE USING

45.   According to the instructions, what should you do before taking this mediation?

A.   Mix it

B.   Heat it

C.   Add water to it

D.   See a doctor

46.   For whom would a dosage of two teaspoonfuls be recommended?

A.   people

B.   A 10 to 14 year-old child

C.   A 6 to 10 year-old child

D.   A 3 to 6 year-old child

47.   What is the maximum amount of medication that should be taken by an adult in a- four-hour period?

A.   two doses

B.   four doses

C.   six doses

D.   eight doses

48.   How are children’s dosages determined?

A.   By the weight of the child

B.   By the age of the child

C.   By the time of day

D.   By consulting a physician

Questions number 49 and 50 refer to the following passage.

                       We lifted the kids out of the car and were anticipating the cool air-contitioned market when I saw her-a great Dane of such huge dimensions that just the sight of her was shocking. She was making her way in and around the parked cars, poking her great head into opened windows, sniffing about, checking, searching.

49.   What is the tone of the paragraph?

A.   Serious

B.   Angry

C.   Positive

D.   Sarcasm

50.   The author’s attitude toward the subject is ....

A.   favorable

B.   unfavorable

C.   happy

D.   unclear

Question number 51 - 54 refer to the following reading.

        It has been documented that, almost twelve million years ago at the beginning of the Pliocene Age, a horse, about midway through its evolutionary development, crossed a land bridge where the Bering Straits are now located, from Alaska into grasslands of Europe. The horse was the hipparion, about the size of a modern-day pony with the toes and specialized cheek teeth for grazing. In Europe the hipparion encountered another less advanced horse called the anchitheres, which had previously invaded Europe by the same route, probably during the Miocene Period. Less developed and smaller than the hipparion, the anchitheres was completely replaced by it. By the end of the Pleistocene Age both the anchitheres and the hipparion had become extinct in North America, where they had originated. In Europe they had evolved into an animal very similar to the horse as we know it to day. It was the descendant of this horse that was brought by the European to the Americans.

51.   This passage is a summary of the ....

A.   evolution of the horse

B.   migration of horses

C.   modern-day pony

D.   replacement of the anchitheres

52.   According to this passage, the hipparions were ....

A.   five-toed animals

B.   not as highly developed as the anchitheres

C.   larger than the anchitheres

D.   about the size of a small dog

53.   The author suggest that the hipparion and the anchitheres migrated to Europe ....

A.   by means of a land route which is now nonexistent

B.   on the ship of European colonists

C.   because of a very cold climate in North America

D.   during the Miocene Period

54.   We can infer from this passage that the ....

A.   Miocene Period was prior to the Pliocene

B.   Pleistocene Period was prior to the Miocene

C.   Pleistocene Period was prior to the Pliocene

D.   Pliocene Period was prior to the Miocene

PETUNJUK:  UNTUK SOAL NOMOR   55  SAMPAI   60,   PILIHLAH:

A.   JIKA 1) DAN 2) BENAR!

B.   JIKA 1) DAN 3) BENAR!

C.   JIKA 2) DAN 3) BENAR!

D.   JIKA 1), 2), DAN 3) SEMUANYA BENAR!    

Question number 55 - 60 are based on the following passage.

The forest of Asia contain many wild animals. But many of them are threatened by man either directly or indirectly. One of the most beautiful animals is the leopard. It eats birds, lizards and other small animals. It grows up to two meters long. Leopards are independent animal and often travel through the jungles alone, moving very fast. Because of the colour of their bodies, they are almost invisible in the jungles so their enemies can’t see them at once.

Elephants are still found in the jungles of Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia. It is the biggest forest animal in the jungles. But there are no enough large forest in Asia today to support large numbers of elephants.

A famous animal from Sumatra and Kalimantan is the orang utan. It grow up two meters tall. Orang utan are quite friendly animal and are no danger to man. They live mainly on fruit and vegetables.

55.   The leopards live on ....

1)   lizards

2)   rabbits

3)   birds

56.   Being independent, leopard ....

1)   moves fast

2)   lives in group

3)   travels alone

57.   Elephant need ... areas to roam and to get food.

1)   large

2)   noisy

3)   vast

58.   Leopards and elephants live in the ....

1)   deep forest

2)   jungles

3)   thick forests

59.   Leopards are hardly seen by the enemies because ....

1)   the color of the bodies is almost the same as the color of the leaves in the jungle

2)   their bodies are covered by feather that is similar to the colors of the leaves

3)   they run alone very fast in the jungle

60.   The word live on in paragraph 3 means ....

1)   get a job

2)   eat

3)   feed on