TUGAS MANDIRI
BAHASA INGGRIS II
(SKOM4209)
PETUNJUK: UNTUK SOAL NOMOR 1
SAMPAI DENGAN 40, PILIHLAH SATU JAWABAN YANG PALING TEPAT!
1. In Britain it isn’t necessary for men to do
military service. The word military is ....
A. adverb
B. adjective
C. noun
D. verb
2. The Underlying principles of radiocarbon
dating are straightforwad. Libby and his coworkers realized that cosmic rays
impinging on the upper atmosphere create a steady supply of the radioactive
isotope of carbon. The word impinging
means ....
A. attack
B. reformed
C. flying
D. caught up
3. Literature
now suggests that headaches can be due to cellular
emissions. In these studies the energy used was the same in frequencies and
modulations as those emitted by current cell phones. Based on the above
sentences, the word literature means......
A. a kind of
art
B. reference
C. an expert
D. source energy
4. Community psychologists use scientific … to
study and solve social problems.
A. paradigm
B. perspectives
C. methods
D. processing
5. theorists-behaviour-individual-study-Personality.
The best phrase is ....
A. Personality study individual theorists
behaviour
B. Personality behaviour study theorists
individual
C. Personality individual behaviour theorists
study
D. Personality theorists study individual
behaviour
6. Martin decided to get a job on an oil rig
in the North Sea. The underline words is a ....
A. nominal phrase
B. prepositional phrase
C. adverbial phrase
D. adjectival phrase
7. Angry villagers, who have just heard that
government intends to pull down their houses and build an airfield: They …
(not) build an airfield here ! We … fight for our village.
A. can … shall
B. might … will
C. should … would
D. will … shall
8. Budi
: My train leaves in thirty minutes. I hope I
…
get a bus top the station.
Agus : If I were you, I … Get a taxi.
A. will … can
B. can … would
C. might … will
D. shall … should
9. The United States had long
been interested in a Central American canal, to link its east and west coasts
and expand trade. …., it did not have the money or the will to build one before
1900 … the 1890's Congress appropriated money to begin work on a capital in
Nicaragua, but the project was soon cancelled.
A. But .…. For
B. Therefor … After
C. Meanwhile … By
D. However … During
10. The word ‘psychology’ come from the greek
‘psyche’ and ‘logos’, … came to be known… the study of the soul.
A. and … by
B. which … as
C. then … as
D. whose … by
11. Bonded labor takes place … a family receives an advance payment
(sometimes as little as U.S. $ 15) to hand a child-boy or girl-over to an
employer. The subcoordinating conjunction of the above sentence is ....
A. while
B. as
C. by
D. when
12. Alexander instituted new
methods of government, military, and financial administration, and adopted
Greek as the universal language throughout the empire which made financial and
business transactions posibble between countries thereby creating a growth in
trade and commerce throughtout the region. The word institute means ....
A. investigate
B. combined
C. tried
D. introduced
13. The reader will recall, however, that is statement would be
challenged by the democrats, … argue that democracy is no more than a procedure
for making decision.
A. who
B. whose
C. which
D. where
14. Pakistan gained a slice westeren and nothern Kashmir, … the main
territory’s core remained under Indian control.
A. although
B. however
C. but
D. since
15. In a coherent paragraph, each sentence relates clearly to the
topic sentence or controlling idea, … there is more coherence than this. If a
paragraph is coherent, each sentence flows smoothly into the next without
obvious shifts or jumps. A coherent paragraph also highlights the ties between
old information and new information to make the structure of ideas or aguments
clear to the reader.
A. moreover
B. so
C. while
D. but
16. The city Rome lies between two extinct volcanic systems. …, its
builder had access to extencive deposits of pozzolana,
an unconsolidated volcanic ash that is very rich in silica and alumina.
A. Even
B. For example
C. To be specific
D. As a result
17. On Tuesday October 17, 1989 at 5:04 PM the Loma Prieta earthquake
struck the San Francisco, Monterey Bay, and Silicon Valley areas. Those were no
the only areas affected. Many areas up
to 70 and 100 miles away could feel the tremble of the quake.
The next idea is ….
A. The quake happened during the 1989 WorId Series
B. Roads were jammed with cars trying to get home
or trying to get out of the earthquake area
C. Airports were closed for inspection or repairs.
D. The epicenter was in the Santa Cruz Mountains
18. In attempting to evaluate the
status of psyschology as a scientific study, the American Psychological
Association appointed Sigmund Koch to conduct a study, employing over noted
scholars in assessing the fact, hypotheses, and methods of psychology. In 1983,
the results were published in a series entitled 'Psychology : A study of
Science'. Koch describes … he believes to be the delusion in thinking of
psychology as a science. The truth is … psychologal statements which describe
human behaviour or which report results from tested research can be scienctific.
A. that...... that
B. what..... that
C. which... that
D. whose.. which
19. Scientific study is a valid way of coming to
understand
of life, and can be very useful in every area of life. Science develops
theories based on what is observed. It
examines each theory with rigorous and scrupulous test to see if it described
reality.
The word it
refers to ......
A.
sientific study
B. a valid
way
C. every
aspect of life
D. science
20. The Spanish king at the time
Alfonso XIII, encouraged the use of concentration camps for revolutionaries
caught in battle. The Cuban Revolution became extremely bloody due to the use
of Guerrilla warfare. This military operation, conducted on its home terrain,
consisted of inhabitants fed up with oppressive rule. The men involved operated
from bases located deep in the jungle, dense forests, and high rocky
elevations. Guerrillas depended on natives for food, shelter, and useful
information. While striking swiftly was a must, the bands of men were
specialized in the undetected raiding of enemy camps. They could ambush
a patrol, kill the soldiers, and supply their entire company in a matter of
hours.
The word
they refers to. . . . . .
A. revolutioners
B. inhabitants
C. guerrillas
D. military
21. When war
broke out, there was no way the world could possibly know the severity of this
quarrel. Fortunately one country saw and understood that Germany a nd its
allies would have to be stopped. America's involvement in World War two not
only contributed in the eventual downfall of the insane Adolph Hitler and his
Third Reich, but also came at the precise time and moment. Had the United
States entered the war any earlier the consequences might have been worse.
What is the
topic sentence of the above paragraph?
A. When war broke out, there was no way the world could possibly know
the severity of this quarrel.
B. Fortunately' one country saw and understood that Germany and its
allies would have to be stopped.
C. America's Involvement in World War two not only
contributed in the eventual downfall of the insane Adolph Hitler and his Third
Reich, but also came at the precise time and moment.
D. United States entered the war any earlier the consequences might have
been worse
22. Towns and
cities all over Britain have a wide range of variations in the living standards
and quality of life. These variations can be put down to many factors and
issues about the residents and location. Every town is individual and unique,
however a pattern in the contrast of living conditions can be seen. For many
cases as the distance from the city centre is increased then the quality of
living standards also increases. This variation in the living conditions can be
put down to the residents in the area. Looking at the economical, social, and
environmental criteria, it is clear to see why people are living in the
conditions that they do.
The
controlling idea of the above paragraph is …
A. Towns and cities all over
Britain. .
B. A wide
range of variations in the living standards and quality oflife.
C. many
factors and issues about the residents and location.
D. a pattern
in the contrast of living conditions can be seen.
23. 1. He was
born in Nigeria and taken to the America as a slave.
2. The
publishing of his book was read throughout America and Europe in multiple
languages and it had a profound effect on public opinion of slave trade.
3. During his life he was able to buy his freedom
and wrote about his experience being captured and sold into slavery.
4. One factor was the growing public revulsion
against the slave trade, an important person that brought about the change was
Olaudah Equiano.
5. There were a number of factors that contributed
to the Atlantic Slave Trade ending after it had ben going on for over 400 years.
The best
paragraph is ........
A.
1-3-4-3-5
B.
4-1-5-3-2
C. 5-4-1-3-2
D.
1-3-2-4-5
24. Religion is
the basis of belief for humans, it is a belief that there is a higher being
that watches over us guiding us, a belief that there is life after death and if
we follow these beliefs we shall enter heaven the most beautiful place. However
religion has also played a role in wars, religious conflicts in Ireland
(Protestants and Catholics). Israelis and Arabs (Holy Land) and the Holy
Crusades of the eleventh century (recapturing the Holy Land).
The main
idea of the above paragraph is ....
A. Religion is the basis of
belief for humans.
B. Religion has also played a
role in wars
C. Religion
is a belief that there is a higher being that watches over us guiding us
D. a belief
that there is life after death and if we follow these beliefs we shall enter
heaven the most beautiful place.
25. The
movement occurred after 1945 is postmodernism which had shown it's powerful effects
in every aspect of life. It's a movement that can't be defined with a simple
sentence because postmodernism has lots of components and directions. A
postmodernist reflects history's theological interpretations. When we talk
about post-modernism we also take the concept modernism in our concept. Postmodernism
is defined related to modernism as" the legalization of illegal parts of
modernism". Modernity and postmodernity appear and reappear in
philosophical, literary and other texts in what is at first sight a bewildering
array of guises.
Based on the above paragraph it can be concluded that ....
A. The movement
occurred after 1945 ...
B. A
postmodernist reflects history's theological interpretations
C. Postmodernism
is defined related to modernism
D. Modernity
and postmodernity appear and reappear in philosophical, literary and other
texts
26. Some of the most fascinating works of modern architecture are
associated with cities. The skyline of lower New Yprk, …, is dominated by World
Trade Center.
A. however
B. in other word
C. for example
D. as a result
27. In 1536, … Henry the VIII’s reign, England and Wales were finally
united as one country. … the 1280,s. after Edward I had conquered Wales, the
Welsh people had revolted several times against the English people, due
Edward’s conquer.
A. During … after
B. During … during
C. If … before
D. After … during
28. Even before the first computer was conceptualized, data had
already been stored on hard copy medium and used with a machine.
The words that show a comparison are ....
A. Even … and
B. conceptualized … used
C. computer … machine
D. before … already
29. In all the civilized societies all over the world system of child
labour is condemmed as a social evil … the fact is the system is prevelent on a
large scale in a country like India.
A. but
B. while
C. yet
D. althought
30. … living in Vienna Hitler made his living by drawing small
pictures of famous landmarks which he sold as post cards. … he was always poor.
A. Beside … Consequently
B. Likewise … However
C. Not only … But also
D. While … But
31. The campaign of 1812 should have been another crusade for
Napoleon, … he now faced 2 new policies that he had never faced before, the
severe Russian winter and the notorious scorched-earth policy.
A. therefor
B. thereby
C. but
D. moreover
32. Germany also had to take the responsibility for the … of the Great
War and accordingly pay reparations to Allies. By signing the treaty Germany
also agreed to disarm, and give up the colonies.
A. Pioneer
B. Process
C. Cause
D. Execution
33. The shocking fall of communism in Eastern and Central Europe in
the late eighties was remarkable for both its rapidity and its scope. The
specifics of communism’s demise varied among nations, but similarities in both
the … of these revolutions were quite similar.
A. ilustrations
B. comparisons
C. causes
D. systems
34. Arrange
the sentences below on the right order.
1. The milk then flows to a clarifier whose purpose is to remove foreign material and
sediment. The clarified milk may be homogenized to prevent cream formation
2. The homogenized milk is then pasteurized to
destroy all pathogenic bacteria.
3. Milk is received at the milk plant where three
different operations are performed on it; grading, weighing and sampling. Its
is graded by examining it for abnormal odours flavours.
4. The milk is weighted by emptying it into a tank
on scales. A sample of milk is taken and tested for butterfat.
5. The milk is cooled to 50°F or below.' It is
ready for distribution
A.
2-4-1-3-5
B.
3-1-4-2-5
C.
3-4-1-2-5
D.
1-3-4-2-5
35. One of the problems during the Great War that
military staffs and thinking were far behind new weapons and logistics. ...
military commanders like General Haig or Marshall Joffre were not quite ready
to the war with it's modern weapons and new technologies such as machine guns,
bunkers and railroad systems that allowed to bring troops quicker into defensive
positions.
A. While
B. In other words
C. On the other hand
D. On the contrary
36. Fragmentation - combines - and - postmodemism
- a - blurring - in - boundaries - universe - of - simultaneous The right
sentence is ....
A. Postmodemism and Fragmentation simultaneous
combines a blurring in boundaries of universe
B.
Fragmentation simulotaneous combines blurring postmodemism and boundaries of in
a universe
C.
Postmodemism combines simultaneous fragmentation and blurring of boundaries in
a universe
D. Fragmentation combines blurring in postmodemism
and Boundaries of simulotaneous a universe
Northern Ireland Conflict-Religion vs Politics
The
conflict in Northern Ireland is likely one of the most closely watched and
hotly debated disputes of our time. Spanning now for over a century, what
remains at the root of the conflict is unclear. Many theories have developed
over time, yet no one theory seems to adequately describe the complex struggle
The conflict has been divided down many lines; ethnically between the British
and the Irish, geographically, between the North ?nd the South of Ireland, and
religiously between Protestants and Catholics. Theories that have emerged have
pointed to causes such as land claims and a nationalist ideology, ethnicity and
culture, and perhaps most frequently, religion when attempting to define the
conflict. In fact, what is more likely is that elements of all of these issues
lie at the root of what is commonly referred to as "The Troubles" The
history of this contemporary conflict is detailed, but impossible to ignore.
While different factions of the dispute would argue that the problem began
centuries ago, I will examine briefly the history of the "troubles"
from the end of the 19th century forward. For much of its history, Ireland has
lived under British rule. As the 19th century drew to a close, Britain became
aware of a rapidly growing sense oflrish Nationalism. In 1870, the Irish
Protestants placed the notion of Home Rule on the front burner in an attempt to
separate Ireland from the rapid secularism that was occurring in Britain. Very
quickly the movement was picked up by Irish Catholics who saw Home Rule as a
truly nationalist ideal, and by 1874 they had dominated the movement. This
pushed the Protestants back towards Unionism and was one of the many strikes
against the idea of a united Ireland
Feeling tremendous pressure to grant Ireland Home Rule, Britain began to
talk about making efforts to "pacify" Ireland, implying that it would
indeed grant their wish. Talks of Home Rule were then delayed. Ji1e:lrish
sa-,'; the delay as a further political tactic of a British parliament who had
no intention of granting them autonomy. The British struggled with the question
of who would run this complex society that was so heavily rooted in
imperialistic tradition, and who at best had a shaky industrial and political
structure. This delay further divided Irish nationalists. New radical forms of
nationalism emerged, such as the Irish Republican Brotherhood and Sinn Fein,
whose leaders were willing to use violent means if necessary to secure Irish
independence. A further divide between Protestants and Catholics also developed
at this time, particularly in the northern province of Ulster.
Unionists groups, who were Protestant by religion and British by
tradition, were opposed to Home Rule because they believed that Ireland should
maintain her ties to Britain. In an effort to resist the Home Rule movement,
they began to organize They created a Provisional Government of Ulster,
complete with a constitution and raised an army to defend it Further to that,
in 1912 they created what was called the' Solemn League and Covenant' which
bound their followers to use any means necessary to resist Home Rule. They
gathered over a half a million signatures, some of the Unionists even signing
in their own blood.
The debate over Home Rule was put on hold when World War I broke out.
The Dublin Easter Rising of 1916 served as a reminder to the British that the
question of Ireland's independence would need to be answered when the war was
over. Over 220 people were killed and over 600 more injured when Irish
Republican Brotherhood rebels took hold of Dublin. The British, out numbering
the rebels 20 to 1, eventually took back the city six days later In the face of
what could have been a political victory for the British, they made the error
of executing the surviving Irish rebels, martyring them and instilling anger
and determination in the minds of many Irish Nationalists.
The dilemma of Home Rule as the British saw it was how to given the
Irish Catholics what they wanted while still providing for the Irish
Protestants of Ulster Their answer was the Government of Ireland Act of 1920,
which created two separate parliaments, one in the North and one in the South.
These parliaments were charged with their own domestic affairs, but all foreign
affairs and income tax collection remained in the hands of the British. Further
resistance and guerilla warfare eventually led to the Anglo-Irish Treaty of
1921, which outlined the creation of the Irish Free State, now known as the
Republic of Ireland It was made up of the provinces of Munster, Leinster and
Connaught, as well as three of the nine counties of Ulster - Donegal, Monaghan,
and Cavan. Northern Ireland, now a legal entity made of up the six remaining
counties of Ulster - Fermanagh, Armagh, Tyrone, Londonderry, Antrim and Down -
remained under British rule. The division created an almost entirely Catholic
population in the South of Ireland and a substantial
Protestant majority in North.
37. Who said that ‘Home Rule’ as a truly nasionalist ideal?
A. Irish Republican
B. Irish Protestans
C. Unionist group
D. Irish Chatolics
38. How did Government of Ireland act?
A. They
collect income tax
B. They create two parliaments
C. They creates three new provinces in South Ireland
D. They combines Munster. Leinster and Cavan to be one province named
Ulster
39. When did Home Rule movement dominate?
A. In 1870
B. By 1874
C. At the end of 1912
D. In 1916
40. Why did Provincial Government of Ulster create?
A. To support the Irish Republican
B. To put down the rebellion
C. To pacify Irland
D. To resist the Home Rule movement
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